Nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana onā make hoʻopaʻae komo pū me ke kila, ke kila sima carbide, ka carbide, nā mea hui zinc, nā mea polymer, ke keleawe alumini, nā mea hui melting point kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa a pēlā aku. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā make stamping he kila nui. ʻO nā ʻano mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻāpana hana o nā make: ke kila kila kalapona, ke kila kila alloy haʻahaʻa, ke kila kila chromium kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ke kila kila chromium waena, ke kila alloy kalapona waena, ke kila wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, ke kila matrix a me ka carbide, ke kila carbide sima, a pēlā aku.

1. Ke kila kila haʻahaʻa

Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kila kila haʻahaʻa-alloy ma ke kila kila kalapona me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka nui kūpono o nā mea hoʻohuihui. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kila kila kalapona, hoʻemi i ke ʻano o ka haki ʻana a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke ahi, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī o ke kila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ke komo ʻana. ʻO ke kila kila haʻahaʻa-alloy i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻōmole ʻo CrWMn, 9Mn2V, 7CrSiMnMoV (code CH-1), 6CrNiSiMnMoV (code GD) a pēlā aku.

2. Ke kila kila kalapona

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā noi i loko o ka ʻōmole kila kila kalapona no T8A, T10A, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā pono o ka hana hana maikaʻi, a me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa. Akā ʻo ka paʻakikī paʻakikī a me ka ʻulaʻula he haʻahaʻa, deformation mālama wela, a me ka hiki ke lawe i nā ukana haʻahaʻa.

3. Ke kila wikiwiki

ʻO ke kila wikiwiki ka mea i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu a me ka ikaika compressive o ke kila mold, a me ka hiki ke lawe i nā ukana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā mea i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā mold ʻo W18Cr4V (code 8-4-1) a me ka tungsten liʻiliʻi W6Mo5Cr4V2 (code 6-5-4-2, ka hōʻailona ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa M2) a no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kila wikiwiki vanadium kalapona i hoʻemi ʻia 6W6Mo5Cr4V (code 6W6 a i ʻole ke kalapona haʻahaʻa M2). Pono nō hoʻi nā kila wikiwiki e hana hou ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i kā lākou hoʻolaha carbide.

4. Nā kila mea hana waena-chromium kalapona kiʻekiʻe

ʻO nā kila kila medium-chromium kiʻekiʻe-kalapona i hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻōmole he Cr4W2MoV, Cr6WV, Cr5MoV, a pēlā aku. He haʻahaʻa ko lākou ʻike chromium, emi ka eutectic carbide, emi ka hoʻolaha carbide, liʻiliʻi ka deformation wela, me ka paʻakikī maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa dimensional. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kila chromium kiʻekiʻe-kalapona kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka hana.

5. Ke kila kila kiʻekiʻe-kalapona kiʻekiʻe-chromium

ʻO ke kila kila kiʻekiʻe-chromium kiʻekiʻe-kalapona Cr12 a me Cr12MoV, Cr12Mo1V1 (code D2) i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, he maikaʻi ko lākou paʻakikī, paʻakikī a meke kūpaʻa ʻana i ke komo ʻana, he liʻiliʻi loa ka deformation o ka mālama wela, no ke kila hoʻoheheʻe micro-deformation kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka lua wale nō ka hiki ke hali i ke kila wikiwiki. Akā he mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka carbide, pono e hoʻololi pinepine ʻia (axial upsetting, radial drawing) i ka forging, i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka unevenness o ka carbide, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana.

6. ʻO ka carbide sima a me ke kila carbide sima

ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa o ka carbide cemented ma mua o kekahi ʻano kila mold ʻē aʻe, akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka ikaika kūlou a me ka paʻakikī. ʻO ka carbide cemented i hoʻohana ʻia no nā mold he tungsten a me cobalt, a no nā mold me ka hopena liʻiliʻi a me nā koi kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi carbide cemented haʻahaʻa cobalt. No nā mold hopena kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka carbide me ka nui o ka cobalt.